CVE-2018-3851: TALOS-2018-0534 || Coverage of the Cisco Talos intelligence group (2023)

Table of Contents
title CVE: Latest news FAQs

title

In Hyland Perceptive Document Filters 11.4.0.2647 - x86/x64 Windows/Linux, there is an exploitable stack-based buffer overflow in the DOC to HTML conversion feature of Hyland Perceptive Document Filters version 11.4.0.2647. A styled .doc document can generate a stack-based buffer, resulting in direct code execution.

CVE

#Vulnerability#Ventana#Microsoft#Linux#cisco#intelligence#c++#rc# buffer overflow#sch

Summary

See Also
Invalid Write, Invalid Read, Uninitialized Values, and SyscallParam) -MPlayerSizeof(*Ptr) has undefined behavior when pointing to invalid memory

There is an exploitable heap corruption in Microsoft Word for many type conversion functions of Hyland Perspective Document Filters version 11.4.0.2647. A tampered Microsoft Word (XML) document can cause heap corruption, leading to remote code execution. An attacker could provide a specially crafted file to trigger this vulnerability.

tested versions

Perceptive Document Filters 11.4.0.2647 – x86/x64 Windows/Linux

product urls

https://www.hyland.com/en/perceived#docfilters

CVSSv3 Score

8.8 - CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CWE

CWE-787: Write out of bounds

details

This vulnerability exists in the Hyland Document Filter conversion that is used for big data, eDiscovery, DLP, email archiving, content management, business intelligence, and smart capture services.
You can convert common formats like Microsoft Document Formats into formats that are easier to see and easier to use. A vulnerability exists in the process of converting Microsoft Word (XML) to JPEG, HTML5, and various other formats. A specially crafted Microsoft Word (XML) file can cause heap corruption and remote code execution. Let's examine this vulnerability:

After trying to convert a malicious Microsoft Word (xml) using the Hyland library, we see the following status:

isys_doc2text --html5 -o /tmp malformed_doc.xml[1] Datap: Microsoft Word (25); Componentes: 3 - malformed_doc.xml Empfangenes de programa Signal SIGSEGV, Segmentierungsfehler.__memcpy_sse2_unaligned () bei ../sysdeps/i386/i686/multiarch/memcpy-sse2-unaligned.S:628628 ../sysdeps/i386/i686/multiarch/memcpy -sse2-unaligned.S: Keine solche Datei oder Verzeichnis.(rr) bt#0 __memcpy_sse2_unaligned () em ../sysdeps/i386/i686/multiarch/memcpy-sse2-unaligned.S:628#1 0xf6028fef en ISYS_NS:: CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, int sin firmar) () de ./libISYSshared.so#2 0xf5fe3c75 en ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) () aus ./libISYSshared.so#3 0xf5fe392f en ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) () aus . /libISYSshared.so#4 0xf5fe392f en ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) () de ./libISYSshared.so#5 0xf5fdf815 en ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode::xml(std::string&) () aus ./libISYSshared.so#6 0xf614ae9e en ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XMLFilesBuilder::P aragraphOrTable(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*) () aus . /libISYSshared.so#7 0xf61414c0 en ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::needFileList() () aus ./libISYSshared.so#8 0xf61416a9 en ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML:: CMSWord2003XML(ISYS_NS::CStream*) () aus ./libISYSshared. así que #9 0xf4aa8ecc em ?? () de ./libISYSreadershd.so#10 0xf4aa9ef5 em ?? () de ./libISYSreadershd.so#11 0xf4c3920f em ?? () de ./libISYSreadershd.so#12 0xf4e7a5d5 em ?? () aus ./libISYSreadershd.so#13 0xf515b6e8 en ?? () aus ./libISYSreadershd.so#14 0xf5163492 em ?? () aus ./libISYSreadershd.so#15 0xf58eeeb3 en ?? () aus ./libISYSreaders.so#16 0xf58f455d em ?? () aus ./libISYSreaders.so#17 0xf7ebc5e3 en IGR_Open_Stream_Ex () aus ./libISYS11df.so#18 0x080590eb en ?? ()#19 0x08061690 em ?? ()#20 0x08068c27 en main_doc2text(ISYS_NS::CISYScommander::CResult*, void*) ()#21 0xf60f873d en ISYS_NS::CISYScommander::CTool::execute(ISYS_NS::CISYScommander::CResult*) const () de ./libISYSshared.so#22 0xf6104ff9 en bool ISYS_NS::CISYScommander::execute<char>(int, char**) () de ./libISYSshared.so#23 0xf6101524 en ISYS_NS::CISYScommander::execute(int, char **) () aus ./libISYSshared.so#24 0x08054e88 em ?? ()#25 0xf5a72637 en __libc_start_main (main=0x8054d40, argc=5, argv=0xffb76ed4, init=0x807ebd0, fini=0x807ebc0, rtld_fini=0xf7f04880 <_dl_fini>, stack_end=0xffb76ecc/) un- .tu/lib. csu :291#26 0x080531b1 soy ?? ()gdb-peda$ Contexto[----------------------------------Registrador------- -----------------------]EAX: 0xfff9de36 EBX: 0x98b7000 ECX: 0x9877500 (".microsoft.com/aml/2001/core \" xml:espacio =\"preservar\">\n\t<w:cuerpo>\n\t\t<w:tc>\n\t\t\t<w:t><![CDATA[ ]]></ archivo genérico>]]></w:t>\n\t\t</w:tc>\n\t</w:body>\n</w:wordDocument>") EDX: 0x9877558 (" ]]></archivo-genérico>]]></w:t>\n\t\t</w:tc>\n\t</w:body>\n</w :wordDocument>") Esi: 0xffb747e4 -> 0xf7e9bda8 (: cMemoryStream+8>: 0xf602a180) edi: 0xfffffffffffe: 0xffb745d8 -> 0xffb74678 -> 0xffb74718 -> 0xffb747b8 -> 0xffb74674 -0xfd> 0xft> 0xft> 0xft> 0xfd> 0xfd> 0xfd> 0xfd> 0xfd --> 0.ffa7 --> . .) ESP: 0xffb745a8 --> 0xf7ea834c --> 0x205a0e0 EIP: 0xf5b80fff --> 0x3e70f66EFLAGS: 0x10287 (CARRY PARITY ajusta zero SIGN trap INTERRUPT direção estouro)[------ -------- ---------------------Código------------------------------------ ------- ---------] 0xf5b80fed <__memcpy_sse2_no alineado+621>: movdqu xmm5,XMMWORD PTR [ebx+eax*1+0x50] 0xf5b80ff3 <__memcpy_sse2_no alineado+627>: movdqu xmm6,XM MWORD PTR [ebx+eax *1+ 0x60] 0xf5b80f f9 <_ _ memcpy_sse2_unaligned+633>: movdqu xmm7, xmmword ptr [ebx+esex*1+0x70] => 0xf5b80fff <__ memcpy_sse2_unaligned+639>: movntdq xmmword ptr [ebx ], xmm0 0xf533+0x10], xmm1 0xf5b61008: movntdq xmmword ptr [ebx+0x20], xmm2 0xf5b8100d <__ memcpy_sse2_unaligned+653>: movntdq xmmword ptr [ebx+0x30], xmm33 0xf5b81011010 -xmm-4], --------------------------------Pilha------- ----- ------ --------------------]0000| 0xffb745a8 --> 0xf7ea834c --> 0x205a0e0 0004| 0xffb745ac --> 0xf6028fef (:CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int)+63>: 0x89f0458b)0008| 0xffb745b0 --> 0x9877558 ("]]></archivo genérico>]]></w:t>\n\t\t</w:tc>\n\t</w:cuerpo>\n< /w:palabraDocumento>")0012| 0xffb745b4 --> 0x981538e ("]]></archivo genérico>]]></w:t>\n\t\t</w:tc>\n\t</w:cuerpo>\n< /w:palabraDocumento>")0016| 0xffb745b8 --> 0xffffffff 0020| 0xffb745bc --> 0xffb74620 --> 0xf5df806c (:cadena::_Rep::_S_empty_rep_storage+12>: 0x00000000)0024| 0xffb745c0 --> 0xf63b9287 ("<![CDATA[")0028| 0xffb745c4 --> 0xf63b9290 --> 0x3e5d5d00 ('')[----------------------------------- - -----------------------------------------]Leyenda: Código, Fecha, Rodata , valueStopped Grund: SIGSEGVgdb-peda$

As you can see, an out-of-bounds write occurred during a memcpy operation, causing an access violation. Going back, we see that the memcpy function was called with the following parameters:

[-------------------------------------------Código----------- --------------------------] 0xf6028fe5 <ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int)+53>: mov edx ,DWORD PTR [ebp+0xc] 0xf6028fe8 <ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int)+56>: push edx 0xf6028fe9 <ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int)+57 >: empujar eax=> 0xf6028fea <ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int)+58>: llamar a 0xf5fc77ec <[Email protected]> 0xf6028fef <ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int)+63>: mov eax,DWORD PTR [ebp-0x10] 0xf6028ff2 <ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int)+ 66>: mov DWORD PTR [esi+0xc],eax 0xf6028ff5 <ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int)+69>: add esp,0x10 0xf6028ff8 <ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const *, unsigned int)+72>: mov eax,ediArgumentos estimados:arg[0]: 0x9877558 (""...)arg[1]: 0x981538e ("]]>...")arg[2]: 0xffffffff

Therefore, the size parameter is set to 0xffffffff (-1), which explains why the memcpy operation ended in an access violation. Why does the size parameter have this value? If we rewind the execution of the code, we end up where it is calculated:

Line 1 ISYS_NS::XML::CXMLDocumentImpl *__cdecl ISYS_NS::XML::CXMLDocumentImpl::load(ISYS_NS::XML::CXMLDocumentImpl *this)Line 2 {Line 3 (...) Line 4 if ( *CDATAElement != '!' )line 5 go to LABEL_17;line 6 v2 = CDATAElement + 1;line 7 v9 = CDATAElement[1];line 8 if (v9 == '[' )line 9 {line 10 if (CDATAElement[2] = = 'C'Line 11 && CDATAElement[3] == 'D'Line 12 && CDATAElement[4] == 'A'Line 13 && CDATAElement[5] == 'T'Line 14 && CDATAElement[6] == ' A 'Line 15 && CDATAElement[7] == '[' )Line 16 {Line 17 CDATAElementTextBeg = CDATAElement + 8;Line 18 v48 = (ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode *)ISYS_NS::XML::CXMLDocumentImpl::addNode ( this , &byte_F64729AE , 0 , 3 , v45 ); line 19 v26 = CDATAElement [ 8 ] ; line 20 if ( !v26 )line 21 { line 22 v28 = CDATAElement + 8 ; line 23 v39 = 0 ; line 24 LABEL_91 : line 25 ISYS_NS :: XML :: CXMLDocumentImpl :: setTextContent ( this , v48 , CDATAElementTextBeg , v39 , 0 ); line 26 go to LABEL_87 ; line 27 } line 28 CDATAElementTextEnd = CDATAElement + 8 ; line 29 while ( 2 )Z li nh 30 { line 31 if ( v26 == ']' ) line 32 { line 33 v28 = CDATAElementTextEnd + 1; line 34 if ( CDATAElementTextEnd[1] != ']' ) line 35 goto LABEL_49; line 36 if ( CDATAElementTextEnd[ 2] == '>' )Line 37 {Line 38 ISYS_NS::XML::CXMLDocumentImpl::setTextContent(Line 39 this,Line 40 v48,Line 41 CDATAElementTextBeg,Line 42 CDATAElementTextEnd - 1 - CDATAElementTextBeg,; Line 43 0); Line 44 v28 = CDATAElementTextEnd + 2; LINE 45 LABEL_87: LINE 46 v45 = (ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*)*((_DWORD*)v48 + 1); LINE 47 v2 = v28 + 1; LINE 48 go to LABEL_9;LINE 49 }Line 50 }Line 51 otherwise Line 52 {Line 53 v28 = CDATAElementTextEnd + 1;Line 54 LABEL_49:Line 55 v26 = *v28;Line 56 if ( !*v28 )Line 57 { Line 58 v39 = v28 - CDATAElementTextBeg;Line 59 go to LABEL_91;line 60 }line 61 }line 62 CDATAElementTextEnd = v28;line 63 Continue;line 64 }line 65 };

The value of memcpy's size parameter is calculated on line 43, which is an argument to the ISYS_NS::XML::CXMLDocumentImpl::setTextContent function call. Typically, this piece of code is responsible for locating the CDATA section in an XML document and measuring the length of the text contained in that section. In our example, the CDATA section contains no text, so the calculations are done on line 43, where:

CDATAElementTextBeg == CDATAElementTextEnd

ends with a value equal to -1. Later, as we saw above, such a large unsigned value used in the memcpy operation leads to heap corruption that an attacker could exploit to achieve remote code execution.

accident information

File type: Microsoft Word (25); Capabilities: 3 - malformed_doc.xml==85982== Invalid read of size 2==85982== at 0x4030F1C: memcpy (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)==85982== by 0x4221FEE: ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DCC74: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC92E: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC92E: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41D8814: ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode::xml(std::string&) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x4343E9D: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XMLFilesBuilder::ParagraphOrTable(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x433A4BF: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::needFileList() (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x433A6A8: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::CMSWord2003XML(ISYS_NS::CStream*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x7186ECB: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x7187EF4: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x731720E: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== Address 0x6b3e846 is 510 bytes inside a block of size 511 alloc'd==85982== at 0x402C6BC: operator new(unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)==85982== by 0x61B9D45: std::string::_Rep::_S_create(unsigned int, unsigned int, std::allocator<char> const&) (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.21)==85982== by 0x61BAF18: std::string::_Rep::_M_clone(std::allocator<char> const&, unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.21)==85982== by 0x61BAFD9: std::string::reserve(unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.21)==85982== by 0x61BB48B: std::string::append(unsigned int, char) (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.21)==85982== by 0x61BB569: std::string::resize(unsigned int, char) (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.21)==85982== by 0x41DB027: ISYS_NS::XML::CXMLDocument::load(ISYS_NS::CStream*, ISYS_NS::XML::XML_ENCODING) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x43391B9: ISYS_NS::CMSOfficeXML::CMSOfficeXML(ISYS_NS::CStream*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x433A661: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::CMSWord2003XML(ISYS_NS::CStream*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x7186ECB: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x7187EF4: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x731720E: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== ==85982== Invalid read of size 2==85982== at 0x4030F10: memcpy (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)==85982== by 0x4221FEE: ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DCC74: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC92E: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC92E: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41D8814: ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode::xml(std::string&) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x4343E9D: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XMLFilesBuilder::ParagraphOrTable(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x433A4BF: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::needFileList() (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x433A6A8: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::CMSWord2003XML(ISYS_NS::CStream*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x7186ECB: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x7187EF4: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x731720E: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== Address 0x6b3e848 is 1 bytes after a block of size 511 alloc'd==85982== at 0x402C6BC: operator new(unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)==85982== by 0x61B9D45: std::string::_Rep::_S_create(unsigned int, unsigned int, std::allocator<char> const&) (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.21)==85982== by 0x61BAF18: std::string::_Rep::_M_clone(std::allocator<char> const&, unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.21)==85982== by 0x61BAFD9: std::string::reserve(unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.21)==85982== by 0x61BB48B: std::string::append(unsigned int, char) (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.21)==85982== by 0x61BB569: std::string::resize(unsigned int, char) (in /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.21)==85982== by 0x41DB027: ISYS_NS::XML::CXMLDocument::load(ISYS_NS::CStream*, ISYS_NS::XML::XML_ENCODING) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x43391B9: ISYS_NS::CMSOfficeXML::CMSOfficeXML(ISYS_NS::CStream*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x433A661: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::CMSWord2003XML(ISYS_NS::CStream*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x7186ECB: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x7187EF4: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x731720E: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== ==85982== Invalid write of size 2==85982== at 0x4030F13: memcpy (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)==85982== by 0x4221FEE: ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DCC74: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC92E: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC92E: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41D8814: ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode::xml(std::string&) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x4343E9D: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XMLFilesBuilder::ParagraphOrTable(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x433A4BF: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::needFileList() (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x433A6A8: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::CMSWord2003XML(ISYS_NS::CStream*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x7186ECB: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x7187EF4: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x731720E: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== Address 0x6b42980 is 0 bytes after a block of size 8,192 alloc'd==85982== at 0x402C17C: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)==85982== by 0x4221DAB: ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::_malloc(unsigned int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x4221E0F: ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Realloc(unsigned int*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x4221ED6: ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::SetCapacity(unsigned int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x422205C: ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC7AC: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41D8814: ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode::xml(std::string&) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x4343E9D: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XMLFilesBuilder::ParagraphOrTable(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x433A4BF: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::needFileList() (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x433A6A8: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::CMSWord2003XML(ISYS_NS::CStream*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x7186ECB: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x7187EF4: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== ==85982== ==85982== Process terminating with default action of signal 11 (SIGSEGV)==85982== Bad permissions for mapped region at address 0x7140000==85982== at 0x4030F13: memcpy (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)==85982== by 0x4221FEE: ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DCC74: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC92E: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC92E: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41D8814: ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode::xml(std::string&) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x4343E9D: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XMLFilesBuilder::ParagraphOrTable(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x433A4BF: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::needFileList() (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x433A6A8: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XML::CMSWord2003XML(ISYS_NS::CStream*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x7186ECB: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x7187EF4: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== by 0x731720E: ??? (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSreadershd.so)==85982== Invalid read of size 4==85982== at 0x63D2015: tdestroy_recurse (tsearch.c:639)==85982== by 0x63D202D: tdestroy_recurse (tsearch.c:640)==85982== by 0x6431977: free_mem (in /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc-2.23.so)==85982== by 0x6431B09: __libc_freeres (in /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc-2.23.so)==85982== by 0x4026506: _vgnU_freeres (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_core-x86-linux.so)==85982== by 0xFFFFFFFB: ???==85982== by 0x4221FEE: ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DCC74: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC92E: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC92E: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41D8814: ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode::xml(std::string&) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x4343E9D: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XMLFilesBuilder::ParagraphOrTable(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== Address 0x1b54 is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd==85982== ==85982== ==85982== Process terminating with default action of signal 11 (SIGSEGV)==85982== Access not within mapped region at address 0x1B54==85982== at 0x63D2015: tdestroy_recurse (tsearch.c:639)==85982== by 0x63D202D: tdestroy_recurse (tsearch.c:640)==85982== by 0x6431977: free_mem (in /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc-2.23.so)==85982== by 0x6431B09: __libc_freeres (in /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc-2.23.so)==85982== by 0x4026506: _vgnU_freeres (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_core-x86-linux.so)==85982== by 0xFFFFFFFB: ???==85982== by 0x4221FEE: ISYS_NS::CMemoryStream::Write(void const*, unsigned int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DCC74: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC92E: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41DC92E: ISYS_NS::XML::CXmlBuilderLite::write(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*, ISYS_NS::CStream*, bool, int) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x41D8814: ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode::xml(std::string&) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== by 0x4343E9D: ISYS_NS::CMSWord2003XMLFilesBuilder::ParagraphOrTable(ISYS_NS::XML::XMLNode*) (in /home/icewall/bugs/Perceptive_11.4.2647/bin/linux/intel-32/libISYSshared.so)==85982== If you believe this happened as a result of a stack==85982== overflow in your program's main thread (unlikely but==85982== possible), you can try to increase the size of the==85982== main thread stack using the --main-stacksize= flag.==85982== The main thread stack size used in this run was 8388608.==85982== ==85982== HEAP SUMMARY:==85982== in use at exit: 788,001 bytes in 10,974 blocks==85982== total heap usage: 57,614 allocs, 46,640 frees, 22,967,606 bytes allocated==85982== ==85982== LEAK SUMMARY:==85982== definitely lost: 195,319 bytes in 3,959 blocks==85982== indirectly lost: 215,017 bytes in 5,663 blocks==85982== possibly lost: 44,931 bytes in 657 blocks==85982== still reachable: 332,734 bytes in 695 blocks==85982== of which reachable via heuristic:==85982== stdstring : 8,026 bytes in 399 blocks==85982== suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks==85982== Rerun with --leak-check=full to see details of leaked memory==85982== ==85982== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v==85982== ERROR SUMMARY: 9016847 errors from 4 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)

Timeline

02-27-2018 - Supplier Disclosure
03/22/2018 - Provider corrected
04/26/2018 - Launch

Discovered by Marcin "Icewall" Noga of Cisco Talos.

CVE: Latest news

CVE-2023-23082: ExifParse: do not execute outside of Exif info fritsch/[emailprotected]

CVE

CVE-2023-22746: Perform checks on the id provided when creating the user ckan/[emailprotected]

CVE

CVE-2022-24895: [Security/Http] Remove CSRF tokens from memory after successful login to symfony/[emailprotected]

CVE

CVE-2022-24894: [HttpKernel] Strip private headers before saving responses with Htt... symfony/[emailprotected]

CVE

CVE-2022-23498: Use of sensitive information caching

CVE

FAQs

What is Cisco Talos intelligence group? ›

Talos, Cisco's elite threat intelligence and research group, detects and correlates threats in real-time using the world's largest threat detection network, protecting against known and emerging cyber security threats to better protect the internet.

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How many threats does Cisco Talos block daily? ›

The advanced analytics and threat intelligence data provided by Cisco Talos helps us block over 170 million malicious DNS queries daily, and protect more than 24,000 enterprise customers.

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What is Cisco Talos incident response? ›

Cisco Talos Incident Response (CTIR) provides a full suite of proactive and emergency services to help you prepare, respond and recover from a breach. CTIR enables 24 hour emergency response capabilities and direct access to Cisco Talos, the world's largest threat intelligence and research group.

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What is Cisco Talos used for? ›

Talos defends Cisco customers against known and emerging threats, discovers new vulnerabilities in common software, and interdicts threats in the wild before they can further harm the internet at large.

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What are the 3 pillars of Cisco SASE? ›

Cisco addresses these challenges with three key pillars of SASE architecture: Connect, Control, and Converge.

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Is Cisco Talos free? ›

Free Open Source Security Tools || Cisco Talos Intelligence Group - Comprehensive Threat Intelligence.

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What does Talos do cyber security? ›

Talos is a group of leading edge network security experts working to discover, assess, and respond to the latest trends in hacking activity, intrusion attempts, and vulnerabilities.

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Does umbrella use Talos? ›

Powered by Cisco Talos, one of the world's largest commercial threat teams, Umbrella blocks malicious activity earlier, before it reaches your network or endpoints. Umbrella also uses statistical and machine learning models to uncover new attacks staged on the internet.

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How many attacks happen per day? ›

According to Security Magazine, there are over 2,200 attacks each day which breaks down to nearly 1 cyberattack every 39 seconds.

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What is Cisco Cyber threat Defense? ›

The Cisco® Cyber Threat Defense Solution provides greater visibility into these threats by identifying suspicious network traffic patterns within the network interior. These suspicious patterns are then supplemented with contextual information necessary to discern the level of threat associated with the activity.

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What is Cisco threat Defense? ›

Cisco Firepower Threat Defense is an integrative software image combining CISCO ASA and Firepower feature into one hardware and software inclusive system. The Cisco Firepower NGIPS is a next generation intrusion prevention system.

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What is the Cisco security appliance that mitigates against web based threats? ›

For these connections, Cisco IT uses the Cisco® Web Security Appliance (WSA) to protect the network from malware intrusion. However, WSA protection is not available when a user connects to the Internet directly, without connecting via the Cisco network, such as when using a public Wi-Fi service in a coffee shop.

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Why is Talos important? ›

Talos was a mythical bronze giant, the first robot in history, which protected Minoan Crete from would-be invaders. Talos is one of the best-loved legendary characters in the ancient world and one of the most important Greek myths.

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Does the military use Cisco? ›

As the leader in defense networking, Cisco provides mission- critical solutions to enable key objectives in military environments.

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What is Cisco device used for? ›

The core function of Cisco IOS is to enable data communications between network nodes. In addition to routing and switching, Cisco IOS offers dozens of additional services that an administrator can use to improve the performance and security of network traffic.

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What are the 5 key components to SASE? ›

Major components of SASE are Software-defined WAN (SD-WAN), Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB), NGFW and Firewall-as-a-Service (FWaaS), Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA), and Secure Web Gateways (SWG).

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What is the difference between SASE and VPN? ›

Is SASE a VPN? SASE creates a global private network for your company, replacing the legacy VPN. Unlike the traditional server-based VPN, SASE is offered as a cloud service. Thus, as with other SaaS solutions, you don't need to worry about the operation or maintenance of the underlying infrastructure.

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Is SASE a firewall? ›

Firewall as a service (FWaaS) provides next-generation firewall features in the cloud, removing the need for physical hardware at branch and retail locations. SASE integrates FWaaS into its cloud-based platform, allowing simplified management and deployment.

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How often is the Talos IP blacklist updated? ›

It runs every 1 hour and updates the /etc/cisco-talos-tcpwrapper/cisco-talos-ip-blacklist file with the current up-to-date list.

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Did Cisco acquire Talos? ›

Today, Talos sits under the Cisco Secure umbrella and operates the Cisco Talos Incident Response (CTIR) team.

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Where is Talos intelligence located? ›

About Cisco Talos Intelligence Group

It is based in San Jose, California.

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Why is Talos forbidden? ›

As of 2266, contact with Talos IV was forbidden by Starfleet, due to the addictive qualities of the illusion technology. Captain Christopher Pike, however, returned to the planet so he could live out his days unencumbered by his physically damaged body.

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Is Talos an AI? ›

In Greek mythology, Talos was a giant artificially intelligent bronze statue, dedicated to protecting the island of Crete.

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Is Talos a robot? ›

TALOS is a high performance humanoid biped robot standing at 1.75m.

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What can Cisco umbrella see? ›

Cisco Umbrella analyzes and learns from internet activity patterns, automatically uncovering attacker infrastructure staged for current and emerging threats. This enables our solution to proactively block requests to malicious destinations before a connection is even established or a malicious file is downloaded.

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How do I get rid of Cisco umbrella? ›

Open Task Manager (Alt+Ctrl+Delete), and click on the Services tab. Scroll to the service titled 'Umbrella_RC'. Select Start if you are wishing to enable Cisco Umbrella on your device. Select Stop if you are wishing to disable Cisco Umbrella on your device.

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Is Cisco Umbrella a firewall? ›

Umbrella's cloud-delivered firewall

Firewall in the cloud is now an essential element of a cloud-delivered security service. It helps you to improve security efficacy, and ensure consistent enforcement everywhere.

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Has the government ever been hacked? ›

Governments of any size are at risk of being hacked. National governments around the world have been hacked, including the United States. State and local governments have experienced major ransomware attacks in which breached data turned into lost data.

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What is the most common way hackers find information? ›

Phishing is the most common hacking technique. All of our inboxes and text messaging apps are filled with phishing messages daily.

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How long do cyber attacks last? ›

The average life cycle of a data breach is about 11 months. 314 days is the total time it takes from the breach to the containment of a successful cyber attack. It takes an average of 7 months to identify a breach, and another 4 months to contain such a breach.

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What are the three 3 types of cyber threats *? ›

Types of cyber threats your institution should be aware of include: Malware. Ransomware. Distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks.

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What are the 3 lines of defense in cybersecurity? ›

First line of defense: Owns and manages risks/risk owners/managers. Second line of defense: Oversees risks/risk control and compliance. Third line of defense: Provides independent assurance/risk assurance.

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What are three types of access attacks? ›

The four types of access attacks are password attacks, trust exploitation, port redirection, and man-in-the-middle attacks.

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What are the three factors that make up Cisco's threat intelligence? ›

Three primary elements distinguish threat intelligence products: data sources and visibility, contextual awareness, and action relevance.

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Does Cisco umbrella block malware? ›

Block malware easily, everywhere

By enforcing security at the DNS and IP layers, Umbrella blocks requests to malware, ransomware, phishing, and botnets before they reach your network or endpoints.

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What are the four components of Cisco security services? ›

  • Secure Endpoint.
  • SecureX.
  • Security Cloud.
  • Umbrella.

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What are two ways to protect a computer from malware choose two Cisco? ›

What are two ways to protect a computer from malware? (Choose two.) Use antivirus software. Keep software up to date.

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What is the difference between Cisco web security appliance and Umbrella? ›

WSA is on-premise web proxy and Umbrella is cloud based DNS filtering and Web proxy. WSA cannot protect roaming users if they are off the network, they would need to be connected to the VPN to access the WSA. Umbrella can protect the users when roaming and not connected to the VPN.

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What are three vulnerabilities that an intruder or attacker could exploit on a wireless network? ›

Common Wireless Vulnerabilities
  • Use of Default SSIDs and Passwords. ...
  • Placing an Access Point Where Tampering Can Occur. ...
  • Use of Vulnerable WEP Protocol. ...
  • WPA2 Krack Vulnerability. ...
  • NetSpectre – Remote Spectre Exploit. ...
  • Fake WiFi Access Points, Evil Twins, and Man in the Middle Attacks.
Jun 19, 2021

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What does Cisco Talos stand for? ›

The Talos Security Intelligence and Research Group (Talos) is made up of leading threat researchers supported by sophisticated systems to create threat intelligence for Cisco products that detects, analyzes and protects against both known and emerging threats.

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What was Talos weakness? ›

Despite being made of metal, Talos did have a weakness: a single vein that extended from his neck to his ankles, with a bronze nail at the end of the vein closing it off. The Bibliotheca gives three different versions of how Talos met his end.

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Who killed Talos? ›

In Argonautica, Medea hypnotized him from the Argo, driving him mad with the keres (female death-spirits) that she raised, so that he dislodged the nail, and "the ichor ran out of him like molten lead", exsanguinating and killing him.

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Does China use Cisco? ›

Cisco entered the Chinese market in 1994. At present, 3,400 people are employed by the company in China, with jobs in sales, customer support and service, research and development, business operations, IT outsourcing services, financing and manufacturing fields.

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Can U.S. Army use phone? ›

You cannot walk and talk while in uniform and areas where classified materials exist usually do not permit electronics use. No due to high security reasons. Cell phones are allowed in most places. Cell Phone use is prohibited unless specifically authorized during the workday.

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Does the U.S. military use artificial intelligence? ›

Additionally, there have been advancements in the use of AI for decision making and autonomous systems. As these developments occur, they represent an opportunity for additional military applications of AI. The U.S. military has been using AI for many years, even before AI became commonplace in civilian life.

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What are the 3 modes in Cisco devices? ›

There are five command modes: global configuration mode, interface configuration mode, subinterface configuration mode, router configuration mode, and line configuration mode.

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Can Cisco phones use WiFi? ›

Enable the phone's Wireless Connection

Press the Setup button on your Cisco phone. Go to Network Configuration and then press the Select key. Go to WiFi and then press the phone's Right Arrow key to toggle WiFi ON, and then press Set.

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What is Cisco IP device tracking? ›

The IP Device Tracking feature uses Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) snooping and DHCP snooping to maintain a database of IP and MAC addresses. This data is also used to track switches that do not perform routing and do not have ARP tables.

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Which service is provided by the Cisco Talos Group? ›

1. Which service is provided by the Cisco Talos Group? The Cisco Talos group collects information about active, existing, and emerging threats which can be used by Cisco Security products in real time to provide fast and effective security solutions.

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Is Talos a Cisco acquisition? ›

Cisco Talos Intelligence Group is a cybersecurity technology and information security company based in Fulton, MD that's a part of Cisco Systems Inc.

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What is the role of Cisco cognitive intelligence? ›

Cisco® Cognitive Threat Analytics helps you quickly detect and respond to sophisticated, clandestine attacks that are already under way or are attempting to establish a presence within your environment. The solution automatically identifies and investigates suspicious or malicious web-based traffic.

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What is Talos cyber security? ›

Talos is Cisco's industry-leading threat intelligence team that protects your organization's people, data and infrastructure from active adversaries. The Talos team collects information about existing and developing threats, and provides comprehensive protection against more attacks and malware than anyone else.

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What is Talos File reputation score? ›

Using automated intelligence that analyzes a myriad of file samples, the Talos Weighted File Reputation Score ranges from 0 to 100, with 100 being the most malicious. There are some known file types which score low, but are malicious in nature.

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What company owns Cisco? ›

Acquisitions by Year
  • Valtix - February 24, 2023. Valtix is a privately held cloud network security company founded in 2018. ...
  • Syrmia Networks - September 28, 2022. ...
  • Opsani - January 28, 2022. ...
  • replex - October 25, 2021. ...
  • Epsagon Ltd. - ...
  • Involvio LLC - June 10, 2021. ...
  • Kenna Security, Inc. - ...
  • Socio Labs, Inc. -

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What big companies use Cisco? ›

Who uses Cisco Routers?
CompanyWebsiteCompany Size
Arkadin SASarkadin.com500-1000
California State University-Stanislauscsustan.edu1000-5000
Red Hat Incredhat.com>10000
Blackfriars Groupblackfriarsgroup.com>10000
1 more row

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Is splunk owned by Cisco? ›

With the Acquisition Bode Well for Cisco? Cisco's planned acquisition of Splunk has received favorable reactions from industry analysts.

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What skills are required for Cisco? ›

Three common soft skills for a cisco certified network associate are analytical skills, communication skills and problem-solving skills.
...
According to recent trends, the most relevant cisco certified network associate Resume Keywords for your resume are:
  • CCNA.
  • Windows Server.
  • WAN.
  • LAN.
  • Certifications.
  • Linux.
  • OSPF.
  • DHCP.
Dec 12, 2022

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What three features are included in the Cisco vision of an intelligent network? ›

The three key elements in Cisco System's strategy for helping to solve these issues are: adding net- work intelligence, providing a systems-level approach to integration, and delivering policies that help streamline costs.

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Is cyber Command military? ›

Headquartered with the National Security Agency at Fort George G. Meade, Maryland, USCYBERCOM is a military command that operates globally in real time against determined and capable adversaries. The Command comprises military, intelligence, and information technology capabilities.

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What do cyber spies do? ›

A straightforward definition of cyber espionage is the intentional stealing of data, information, or intellectual property from or through computer systems. Social engineering, malware dissemination, advanced persistent threat (APT), watering hole assaults, and spear phishing are a few techniques.

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Does Cisco umbrella use Talos? ›

Powered by Cisco Talos, one of the world's largest commercial threat teams, Umbrella blocks malicious activity earlier, before it reaches your network or endpoints. Umbrella also uses statistical and machine learning models to uncover new attacks staged on the internet.

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